• We also measured macrophage infiltration and CLS presence in

  2023-09-23

  

  We also measured macrophage infiltration and CLS presence in peri-gonadal AT from db/db mice and controls. CLS are morphological features within AT that are accurate indicators of adipocyte death and macrophage infiltration [56]. An earlier study showed that CLS macrophages account for >90% of the t

• The mechanism governing how mechanotransduction signals

  2023-09-23

  

  The mechanism governing how mechanotransduction signals regulate a number of genes involved in cartilage hemostasis remains unclarified. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are activated by static and dynamic compression of cartilage (31 32). c-Fos/AP-1 is downstream of the MAPK pathway

• Another hypothesis is angiogenesis inhibition

  2023-09-23

  

  Another hypothesis is angiogenesis inhibition. Angiogenesis is a process that involves the growth, migration and differentiation of endothelial derivative of 5 to form new blood vessels. Angiogenesis favorably influences tumor growth and also influences tumor invasion of vessels, resulting in tumor

• br Steroidogenesis in the skin

  2023-09-23

  

  Steroidogenesis in the skin The synthesis of steroid hormones takes place in many tissues of which the adrenal glands, ovaries, testis, placenta and PCI-32765 are considered to be classical steroidogenic organs. Nevertheless, skin constitutes an important peripheral steroidogenic tissue. Steroid

• In addition AMPK reduces protein

  2023-09-23

  

  In addition, AMPK reduces protein synthesis and stimulates apoptotic and autophagic pathways through the inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates cellular metabolic homeostasis, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, autophagy and apoptosis (Maiese, 2016). mTOR is th

• Ala a branched chain amino

  2023-09-23

  

  Ala, a branched chain amino acid, has been reported to play a functional role in intracellular pH regulation, and it typically accumulates in response to various stresses (Limami et al., 2008, Rocha et al., 2010). Our data demonstrated that increasing Cd concentrations at lower Cd doses resulted in

• The G R mutation is located at

  2023-09-23

  

  The G1202R mutation is located at the solvent front of the ALK kinase domain adjacent to the inhibitor's binding pocket. Although barely reported in the setting of crizotinib resistance, it has emerged as the most refractory mutation to both the first- and second-generation ALK inhibitors. The large

• Recent studies demonstrated that AHR has an important

  2023-09-23

  

  Recent studies demonstrated that AHR has an important role in the interplay between cancer metabolism and tumor-specific immunity. Tryptophan catabolism is increasingly recognized as a metabolic pathway that promotes tumorigenesis through its role in immune suppression [75]. The rate-limiting enzyme

• A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was

  2023-09-22

  

  A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was generated by engineering mouse embryonic stem cells to lack both p2x receptors of Adk (Fedele et al., 2004). Using a step-wise differentiation protocol (Okabe et al., 1996) Adk−/− ES cells were differentiated into transplantable adenosine-

• A high throughput small molecule

  2023-09-22

  

  A high-throughput small molecule ACK1 biochemical inhibition screen was performed in-house and led to the identification of 1μM inhibitor furanopyrimidine (). Further binding studies found Sorbitol synthesis to be both ATP-competitive and reversible. Early structure-activity relationship (SAR) wo

• br Patients and methods The

  2023-09-22

  

  Patients and methods The severity of disease documented at each outpatient visit was graded according to the modified Osserman classification: grade I, focal disease (e.g. restricted to ocular muscles); grade II, generalised disease that is mild (IIa) or moderate (IIb); grade III, severe generali

• The present in vitro pharmacological experiments revealed

  2023-09-22

  

  The present in vitro pharmacological experiments revealed that the cholinergic up-regulation of VEGF expression in neurons and astrocytes was mainly mediated by nicotinic AChR and muscarinic AChR, respectively. In addition, neuronal VEGF expression was elevated by endogenous ACh in a manner that was

• Additional evidence for a putative role

  2023-09-22

  

  Additional evidence for a putative role of COXs and 5-LOX in AD derives from pharmacological studies using inhibitors of these enzymes (for review, see Firuzi and Praticò, 2006). In addition to helping delineate the pathobiological mechanisms of AD, these results raise hope for discovering novel the

• After infection with Salmonella those

  2023-09-22

  

  After infection with Salmonella those bacteria that are not targeted by autophagy of the complete Salmonella-containing phagosome (see above) but are living freely in the cytosol can be eliminated by xenophagy, that is direct targeting of the ‘naked’ bacteria to the autophagic pathway. The type III

• Our results clearly demonstrate that inhibition of

  2023-09-22

  

  Our results clearly demonstrate that inhibition of ATM pathway activation results in resistance to Vγ2Vδ2 T cell-mediated cell death. Therefore, enhancing ATM activation along with Vγ2Vδ2 T cell treatment would promote the cytotoxicity of resistant ovarian cancer cells. To our knowledge, this is the

15500 records 293/1034 page Previous Next First page 上5页 291292293294295 下5页 Last page